
Source: Environmental Working Group
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"We were able to show the tissue was able to integrate and function in the long term, which means we can start planning clinical applications [in humans]," said Dr. Anthony Atala, director of the Institute for Regenerative Medicine at Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center and senior author of the study. "Our hope is to be able to treat patients with many conditions, including congenital abnormalities of the penis, traumatic injuries, penile cancer and severe cases of erectile dysfunction that don't benefit from drug treatments."The study is published in the Nov. 9 online edition of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
The penis is a complex organ, with nerve, muscle and vascular cells all needing to work together to achieve and maintain an erection. During an erection, smooth muscle tissue relaxes, allowing blood to flow into the penis. Endothelial cells, which line blood vessels, trigger the process by releasing nitric oxide.
In the study, the researchers extracted smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells from the animals' penises. The cells were then separated and grown in the laboratory on rod-shaped collagen scaffolds for support. The scaffold was placed in an incubator and nourished by fluids to mimic conditions inside the body, Atala said. After the cells had matured, the scaffolding and the newly formed penile spongy tissue, called corpora cavernosa, was surgically implanted into the rabbits' penises. About a month later, the tissue began to reconstitute itself, forming new blood vessel structures necessary for proper functioning, while nerves from the existing penile tissue integrated into the new tissue. In time, Atala said, the collagen structure was reabsorbed, and the cells built their own collagen structure.
In the treated rabbits, tests showed that pressure inside the penis, a key component of an erection, was normal. Other tests showed that blood flow, response to nitric oxide, drainage of the blood after the erection and presence of sperm in the female vagina were also normal. The tissue engineering worked so well that four of 12 females were impregnated by the repaired rabbits, according to the study.
Dr. Andrew McCullough, director of male sexual health, fertility and microsurgery at NYU Langone Medical Center, said the results are promising.
"It has a long way to go, but the researchers have basically shown they can take cells from an organ, culture them, put them back in and have them be functional," McCullough said. "This is especially impressive because the penis is an organ that's a very sensitive hydraulic pump, so to speak. During an erection, blood has to flow into the organ. The organ then has to expand and then shut down the drainage so the blood doesn't flow back out. And all of these things are very interrelated."
Better treatments for erectile dysfunction are badly needed, McCullough added. About 35 percent of men don't respond to impotence drugs, including Viagra, Cialis and Levitra. As men age, diabetes, high cholesterol and hypertension -- all conditions that can affect male sexual function -- can worsen, making the drugs less effective.
In previous research, the Wake Forest researchers engineered human bladders in the lab. In clinical trials, about 30 children and adults with congenital bladder abnormalities or bladder injuries who were treated with the engineered tissue showed normal or improved bladder function for nearly 10 years, Atala said. Other researchers have shown some success in clinical trials with transplanting windpipe tissue.
Ford recently has announced the industry’s first inflatable seat belts for back-seat passengers. The technology is designed to provide five times the protection of a conventional belt especially kids and seniors who are more vulnerable to serious injury during a crash.
The belt looks, feels and functions just like the ones we're use now. The system deploys when the front or side curtain airbags are activated. It will takes about 40 milliseconds to inflate and is good for one use.
The new system are planned to be appear as an option when the next-gen 2011 Explorer begins production next year.
Personal budget and health issue are not strong enought to influence people to quit smoking. They still believe cigarett are not the 'evil'. Most country launch their campaign throughtout printed and electronic media. This is a way to educate people on the street. We can see the result, but still far from the target. One of the A survey in the UK found about half of smokers think that smoking "can't really be all that dangerous, or the Government wouldn't let cigarettes be advertised".
Through advertising, tobacco firms try to link smoking with athletic prowess, sexual attractiveness, success, adult sophistication, adventure and self-fulfilment. It's seem to compete goverment and NGO's anti smoking campaign.
Multinational tobacco firm invest a huge money to run their ads.In 1997, the tobacco industry's spending on advertising in the United States was about $15 million a day ($5.7 billion for the year). A survey carried out in 1998 found that tobacco companies were among the top 10 advertisers in 18 out of 66 countries surveyed.
It's seem a good investment to them. After the entry of foreign multinational tobacco firms into Japan, the Republic of Korea and Thailand, youth and female smoking rose significantly. One British survey found that nearly 99% of women did not know of the link between smoking and cervical cancer. One survey found that 60% of Chinese adults did not know that smoking can cause lung cancer while 96% were unaware it can cause heart disease. Here we can see the goverment and NGO need to play a bigest role to built people awareness .
Recently many country start to band cigarett advertisements. But tobacco industry has changed the way it advertises. Now, only 10% of advertising expenditure goes to print and outdoor advertisements, while more than half goes to promotional allowances and items, such as t-shirts for young people or lighters and key rings. The war still goes on... to QUIT SMOKING!
Smokers know how hard to quit smoking. Sometimes it's not easy as we say. They need some 'tool' and moral support too. Let's take a break and watch this video try to understand the challanges they face to quit smooking.
Do you willing to quit smoking now? Do you have enought energy to throwout your bad habit? There's many way to help and guide you in quit smooking. Tips, guide and treatment you may find out out there. But be passion to choose a good one for your selve.
NRT or Nircotine Replacement Therapy is one of anti- smoking treatment that has been in use for the past couple of years. It tries to confront smoking and its effects by introducing nicotine into the body. Therefore, NRT actually fights nicotine with nicotine. Some of the forms of NRT include nicotine gum, inhalers and patches. Some cases were reported pation facing some side-effects that arise with absolutely no relief from smoking.
There's another way to stop smoking. VitoHerbs has came up with NicoNot, herbal solution in helping you against smoking. NicoNot comprises of the finest herbs that work on eliminating the withdrawal symptoms that lead smokers to return to smoking. It's works on the same receptors in the brain that nicotine binds to when inhaled during smoking. NicoNot, thus, stabilizes the system and prevents it from having setbacks of craving and withdrawal.
This campaign is open for just 1 month effective 1 June, 2009 and open in Malaysia only.
ACT fast and MAKE a DIFFERENCE!
Thanks!